What term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including the alleles it carries?

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Prepare for the Virginia 7th Grade Science SOL Test. Incorporate flashcards and multiple choice questions, each with hints and detailed explanations. Ensure your success on the exam!

Multiple Choice

What term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including the alleles it carries?

Explanation:
Genotype describes the genetic makeup of an organism—the specific alleles it carries at its genes. It’s the combination of alleles a person has for each gene, which can be homozygous (two of the same allele, like AA or aa) or heterozygous (two different alleles, like Aa). This is different from phenotype, which is the observable traits, and from the genome, which is the entire set of genetic material in an organism. So the genetic makeup, including the alleles, is called the genotype.

Genotype describes the genetic makeup of an organism—the specific alleles it carries at its genes. It’s the combination of alleles a person has for each gene, which can be homozygous (two of the same allele, like AA or aa) or heterozygous (two different alleles, like Aa). This is different from phenotype, which is the observable traits, and from the genome, which is the entire set of genetic material in an organism. So the genetic makeup, including the alleles, is called the genotype.

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