Which process breaks down dead matter by decomposers?

• A. Decomposition
• B. Photosynthesis
• C. Combustion
• D. Transpiration

Answer: (A)

Decomposition is the process that breaks down dead matter by decomposers. When plants and animals die, organisms like fungi and bacteria feed on the remains, transforming complex organic compounds into simpler substances such as nutrients and minerals. This recycling returns essential nutrients to the soil, making them available again for plants to use. For example, decaying leaves on the forest floor are broken down by fungi and bacteria, releasing nitrogen and other elements back into the ecosystem. Photosynthesis is how plants make their own food using light, not breaking down dead material. Combustion is burning that releases energy and breaks matter apart, but it’s not done by natural decomposers. Transpiration is the movement of water through a plant, not the breakdown of dead matter.