Which process results in two new cells after division that have identical genetic material?

• A. Mitosis
• B. Meiosis
• C. Cytokinesis
• D. G0 phase

Answer: (A)

Mitosis is the process that ensures two new cells receive identical genetic material from a single parent cell. Before mitosis, the DNA is replicated so each chromosome has two sister chromatids. During mitosis, those chromatids are separated and distributed into two nuclei, so each daughter cell ends up with the same set of chromosomes. Afterward, cytokinesis splits the cytoplasm to form two separate cells, each with the same genetic information as the original. Meiosis, by contrast, produces four cells with half the chromosome number and introduces genetic variation, so the genetic material isn’t identical. The G0 phase is a non-dividing state, not creating new cells.